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您如何将超过4,000个活动的Stack Overflow标签分组为有意义的组? 对于无监督学习和k均值聚类来说,这是一项完美的任务-现在您可以在BigQuery中完成所有这些工作。 让我们找出方法。

Visualizing a universe of amassed tags.
Felipe Hoffa  is a Developer Advocate for Google Cloud. In this mail he works with BigQuery  – Google's serverless data warehouse – to run one thousand-means clustering over Stack Overflow'southward published dataset, which is refreshed and uploaded to Google's Cloud in one case a quarter. You can check out more nigh working with Stack Overflow data and BigQuery hither  and here .

four,000+ tags are a lot

These are the most active Stack Overflow tags since 2018 — they're a lot. In this picture I merely have 240 tags — how would you group and categorize 4,000+ of them?
              # Tags with >180 questions since 2018 SELECT tag, COUNT(*) questions FROM `fh-bigquery.stackoverflow_archive.201906_posts_questions`,   UNNEST(SPLIT(tags, '|')) tag WHERE creation_date > '2018-01-01' GROUP BY ane HAVING questions>180 ORDER BY 2 DESC            
Top Stack Overflow tags by number of questions.

提示:共现标签

Let'southward discover tags that usually go together:
Co-occurring tags on Stack Overflow questions
These groupings make sense:
  • 'javascript'与'html'相关。
  • 'python'与'pandas'相关。
  • 'c#'与'.cyberspace'相关。
  • "打字稿"与" angular"有关。
  • 等…
So I'll take these relationships and I'll salve them on an auxiliary table — plus a percentage of how ofttimes a human relationship happens for each tag.
              CREATE OR Replace Tabular array `deleting.stack_overflow_tag_co_ocurrence` As WITH data As (   SELECT *    FROM `fh-bigquery.stackoverflow_archive.201906_posts_questions`   WHERE creation_date > '2018-01-01' ), active_tags As (   SELECT tag, COUNT(*) c   FROM data, UNNEST(SPLIT(tags, '|')) tag   GROUP BY 1   HAVING c>180 )  SELECT *, questions/questions_tag1 percent FROM (     SELECT *, MAX(questions) OVER(Sectionalization BY tag1) questions_tag1     FROM (         SELECT tag1, tag2, COUNT(*) questions         FROM data, UNNEST(SPLIT(tags, '|')) tag1, UNNEST(Split(tags, '|')) tag2         WHERE tag1 IN (SELECT tag FROM active_tags)         AND tag2 IN (SELECT tag FROM active_tags)         GROUP BY 1,2         HAVING questions>30     ) )            

One-hot encoding

Now become set up for some SQL magic. BigQuery ML does a good chore of hot-encoding strings, but information technology doesn't handle arrays equally I wish information technology did (stay tuned). Then I'm going to create a cord first that will ascertain all the columns where I want to find co-occurrence. And so I can utilise that string to become a huge tabular array, with a one for every fourth dimension a tag co-occurs with the main 1 at least certain % of time. Let's see first a subset of these results: What you lot see here is a co-occurrence matrix:
  • 'javascript'显示与'php','html','css','node.js'和'jquery'的关系。
  • 'android'显示与'java'的关系
  • "机器学习"显示了与" python"的关系,但并非相反。
  • "多线程"显示了与" python"," java"的关系 ','c#'和'android`
  • "单元测试"与此处几乎所有列的关系,除了与" php"," html"," css"和" jquery"有关。 / li>
You tin can reduce or augment the sensibility of these relations with the percent threshold:
              SELECT tag1  ,IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='javascript',1,null)),0) Xjavascript ,IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='python',1,aught)),0 ) Xpython ,IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='java',one,null)),0) Xjava ,IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='c#',1,null)),0) XcH ,IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='android',1,null)),0) Xandroid ,IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='php',1,null)),0) Xphp ,IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='html',1,null)),0) Xhtml ,IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='css',one,null)),0) Xcss ,IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='node.js',1,null)),0) XnodeDjs ,IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='jquery',1,goose egg)),0) Xjquery ,SUM(questions) questions_tag1 FROM `deleting.stack_overflow_tag_co_ocurrence` WHERE pct>0.03 GROUP BY tag1 ORDER By questions_tag1 DESC  LIMIT 100            

Thousand-means clustering time

Now — instead of using this small table, let'south utilize the whole table to compute k-means with BigQuery. With this line, I'm creating a one-hot encoding string that I tin can apply later on to define the 4,000+ columns I'll use for k-ways:
              one_hot_big = client.query(""" SELECT STRING_AGG(   FORMAT("IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='%s',i,null)),0)X%s", tag2, REPLACE(REPLACE(Replace(REPLACE(tag2,'-','_'),'.','D'),'#','H'),'+','P'))  ) one_hot FROM (   SELECT tag2, SUM(questions) questions    FROM `deleting.stack_overflow_tag_co_ocurrence`   Group BY tag2   # Guild By questions DESC   # LIMIT 10 ) """).to_dataframe().iloc[0]['one_hot']            
And training a k-means model in BigQuery is really easy:
              CREATE MODEL `deleting.kmeans_tagsubtag_50_big_a_01` OPTIONS (      model_type='kmeans',     distance_type='COSINE',     num_clusters=50 ) As WITH tag_and_subtags AS (     SELECT tag1, %southward     FROM `deleting.stack_overflow_tag_co_ocurrence`     WHERE percent>0.03     Grouping By tag1 ) SELECT * EXCEPT(tag1)  FROM tag_and_subtags            
Now we await — while BigQuery shows united states of america the progress of our grooming: And when it's done, nosotros even get an evaluation of our model:

Davies–Bouldin index: 1.8530
Mean squared distance: 0.8174

Performance note

Practice nosotros actually demand 4,000 one-hot encoded dimensions to obtain improve clusters? Turns out that 500 are plenty — and I like the results amend. It too reduces the time for training the model in BigQuery from 24 minutes to 3. The same with simply xxx dimensions lowers the time to 90 seconds — but I similar the results improve with 500. More on hyper-parameter tuning below.
500 1-hot encoded dimensions reduces time per iteration to 30 seconds, and a lower loss.
Davies–Bouldin index: 1.6910
Mean squared distance: 0.52332

Go ready for the results: The fifty clusters are…

Now information technology's fourth dimension to see our results. I'll even look out for some tags I'm interested in: How are google,amazon, andazure represented in each cluster? These are the 50 groups that yard-means clustering plant — given the 1-hot encoding of related tags we did earlier in this post. Some results brand a lot of sense — while others requite great insight into what are the prevalent surrounding technologies to whatever Stack Overflow tag. Naming each centroid is always a claiming. Here I used the pinnacle 5 centroid weight vectors — come across how beneath.

centroid 45: amazon-web-services, aws-lambda, amazon-s3, amazon-ec2, python
—–
amazon-spider web-services, amazon-s3, aws-lambda, amazon-ec2, amazon-dynamodb, terraform, aws-sdk, amazon-cloudformation, amazon-redshift, aws-api-gateway, amazon-cognito, boto3, cloud, alexa, amazon-rds, amazon-elastic-beanstalk, amazon-ecs, alexa-skills-kit, amazon-cloudfront, serverless, aws-cli, amazon-iam, amazon-cloudwatch, rubberband-beanstalk, amazon-sqs, serverless-framework, amazon-athena, aws-amplify, aws-appsync, amazon-sns, alexa-skill, amazon-route53, amazon, amazon-kinesis, amazon-sagemaker, autoscaling, amazon-elb, amazon-ses, aws-cognito, aws-iot, terraform-provider-aws, api-gateway, amazon-vpc, aws-serverless, aws-codepipeline, aws-codebuild, amazon-rds-aurora, bitnami, amazon-lex, aws-step-functions, aws-code-deploy, aws-iam, aws-fargate, dynamodb-queries, boto

amazon: amazon-cognito, amazon-ses, amazon-redshift, aws-lambda, amazon-ecs, amazon-s3, amazon-web-services, amazon-athena, aws-api-gateway, amazon-rds, amazon, amazon-cloudfront, amazon-lex, aws-iot, amazon-elb, aws-code-deploy, amazon-cloudwatch, aws-cli

centroid 17: android, java, android-layout, android-recyclerview, kotlin
—–
android, json, xml, kotlin, android-studio, android-recyclerview, android-layout, android-fragments, xslt, serialization, android-intent, retrofit2, android-action, android-room, nullpointerexception, retrofit, gson, android-volley, textview, android-viewpager, xml-parsing, recycler-adapter, android-edittext, android-sqlite, protocol-buffers, xsd, deserialization, android-constraintlayout, android-asynctask, fragment, android-compages-components, android-livedata, imageview, scrollview, android-databinding, android-glide, android-animation, xquery, xslt-1.0, android-jetpack, android-manifest, navigation-drawer, adapter, bottomnavigationview, xslt-2.0, android-toolbar, onclicklistener, android-tablayout, android-cardview, android-spinner, android-adapter, picasso, android-linearlayout, transformation, android-drawable, android-architecture-navigation, android-imageview, android-custom-view, json-deserialization, android-view, android-actionbar, searchview, biztalk, android-coordinatorlayout, android-lifecycle, android-softkeyboard, floating-action-button, recyclerview-layout, swipe, android-relativelayout, android-xml, android-collapsingtoolbarlayout, android-button, android-scrollview, saxon, android-nestedscrollview, android-styles, xml-namespaces, xsl-fo, android-fragmentactivity, android-dialogfragment, android-viewholder, xml-serialization

centroid 7: android, coffee, javascript, ios, python
—–
android-gradle, bluetooth, rx-java2, build.gradle, dependencies, rx-java, google-play, sdk, android-ndk, corda, video-streaming, android-emulator, libgdx, android-webview, apk, location, java-native-interface, google-play-services, dagger-2, adb, codenameone, android-viii.0-oreo, google-places-api, android-notifications, android-studio-iii.0, broadcastreceiver, voice communication-recognition, arcore, sharedpreferences, streaming, gps, android-service, version, coordinates, androidx, native, sms, here-api, android-camera, android-permissions, uri, android-mediaplayer, locale, vert.10, exoplayer, google-maps-markers, settings, alarmmanager, spinner, proguard, okhttp3, text-to-speech, okhttp, updates, android-camera2, android-source, whatsapp, nfc, share, inputstream, google-fabric, xmpp, calculator, manifest, wifi, mpandroidchart, android-ix.0-pie, rx-android, call, android-workmanager, mp4, hls, video-processing, release, barcode, android-support-library, alertdialog, android-viewmodel, dji-sdk, barcode-scanner, filepath, sip, google-cloud-messaging, gradle-plugin, android-arrayadapter, screen, payment, toolbar, google-play-console, dagger, mp3, indexoutofboundsexception, ejabberd, httpurlconnection, libraries, android-proguard, coroutine, h.264, simpledateformat, jacoco, background-process, rtsp, offline, root, sensor, splash-screen, android-bluetooth, android-testing, android-resources, android-tv, emulation, android-bitmap, android-listview, multipart, chromecast, android-broadcastreceiver, video-capture, google-maps-android-api-ii, pojo, android-canvas, visibility, broadcast, google-play-games, dao, kotlin-android-extensions, avd, lint, android-jobscheduler, android-library, kotlinx.coroutines, firebase-mlkit, expandablelistview, obfuscation, android-contentprovider, appcelerator, mvp, live-streaming, in-app-billing, android-context, audio-streaming, arabic, android-alertdialog, kotlin-coroutines, zxing, android-videoview, fingerprint, braintree, audio-recording, deprecated, job-scheduling, android-wifi, vesture-os, bottom-sheet, android-things, device, marker, right-to-left, google-login, mobile-application, media-histrion, countdowntimer, opengl-es-2.0, nullable, face-detection, exoplayer2.10, android-viii.i-oreo, beacon, drawable, gradlew, mapbox-android, classnotfoundexception, parcelable, android-keystore, voice-recognition, toast, aar, google-places, android-theme, android-progressbar, paging, accelerometer, playback, gradle-kotlin-dsl, samsung-mobile, photo, ibeacon, android-appcompat, noclassdeffounderror, branch.io, rtmp, sceneform, foreground-service, google-bandage, appcelerator-titanium, android-widget, logcat, android-pendingintent, android-fileprovider, android-gps, sha1, jodatime, android-sensors, android-appbarlayout, surfaceview, mpeg-dash, android-mvvm

google: google-maps-android-api-2, google-play-services, google-fabric, google-places, google-places-api, google-play-console, google-bandage, google-login, google-maps-markers, google-play-games, google-play, google-cloud-messaging

centroid 28: athwart, typescript, javascript, angular6, angular5
—–
angular, typescript, angular6, angular5, rxjs, angular-material, angular7, service, appreciable, routing, angular-cli, components, athwart-reactive-forms, karma-jasmine, primeng, ag-grid, angularfire2, athwart-material2, ngrx, reactive-programming, httpclient, angular-ui-router, angular-routing, lazy-loading, rxjs6, ngfor, angular-forms, angular-httpclient, angular2-routing, angular-components, angular-router, rx-swift, ng-bootstrap, angular2-forms, angular-universal, angular2-template, angular-services, angular-directive, material, angular4-forms, ngx-bootstrap, typescript2.0, angular2-services, ngrx-shop, subscription, rxjs5, angular2-directives, ngrx-effects, angular-fabric-6, angular-cli-v6, athwart-http-interceptors, redux-appreciable, subscribe, angular-pipe, athwart-promise, angular2-observables, reactivex, angular-ngmodel, angular-cdk, tsconfig

centroid 20: apache-spark, java, scala, hadoop, python
—–
apache-spark, scala, pyspark, apache-kafka, hadoop, apache-spark-sql, hive, cassandra, apache-flink, jupyter, hdfs, bigdata, playframework, spark-streaming, sbt, apache-nifi, hiveql, apache-kafka-streams, akka, hbase, pyspark-sql, mapreduce, kafka-consumer-api, rdd, spark-dataframe, amazon-emr, yarn, user-divers-functions, parquet, cassandra-three.0, cluster-computing, avro, databricks, apache-kafka-connect, aws-gum, spark-structured-streaming, flink-streaming, kerberos, apache-zookeeper, sqoop, confluent, presto, kafka-producer-api, impala, akka-stream, hadoop2, apache-spark-mllib, traits, apache-zeppelin, cloudera, datastax, apache-storm, distributed-calculating, akka-http, data-modeling, apache-spark-dataset, guice, google-cloud-dataproc, gatling, jmx, hortonworks-data-platform, apache-squealer, apache-spark-ml, oozie, azure-databricks, scalatest, cql, playframework-ii.6, datastax-enterprise, phoenix, confluent-schema-registry, mesos, implicit, implicit-conversion, ksql, scala-collections, spark-submit, hdinsight, ambari

google: google-cloud-dataproc
amazon: amazon-emr, aws-glue
azure: azure-databricks

centroid 12: bash, python, linux, shell, java
—–
macos, ubuntu, ansible, ssh, raspberry-pi, terminal, vim, raspberry-pi3, subprocess, environs-variables, centos, panel, command-line-interface, pipe, arguments, jq, homebrew, iot, applescript, printf, escaping, sftp, windows-subsystem-for-linux, raspbian, exec, redhat, stdout, zsh, alias, wget, eval, paramiko, filenames, glob, command-line-arguments, stdin, remote-access, sudo, file-permissions, slurm, putty, gpio, tar, tmux, rsync, look, ksh, jsch, scp, ssh-tunnel, cat, portforwarding, openssh

centroid 8: c#, .cyberspace, asp.net-core, .net-core, coffee
—–
logging, exception, error-handling, azure-functions, reflection, configuration, azure-cosmosdb, f#, logstash, exception-treatment, azure-spider web-sites, rubberband-stack, azure-service-cloth, panel-application, try-take hold of, wix, azure-application-insights, nunit, core, autofac, xunit, dapper, nest, nhibernate, dotnet-httpclient, nlog, httpwebrequest, serilog, log4net, inversion-of-command, identity, unity-container, webclient, blazor, .cyberspace-standard-2.0, arrangement.reactive, clr, type-inference, asp.net-core-signalr, asp.net-cadre-identity, app-config, masstransit, fluentd, google-cloud-stackdriver, winston, .net-framework-version, ninject, .net-core-2.0, claims-based-identity, syslog, kestrel-http-server

google: google-cloud-stackdriver
azure: azure-cosmosdb, azure-spider web-sites, azure-functions, azure-application-insights, azure-service-textile

centroid xviii: c#, asp.net, asp.net-mvc, asp.internet-core, entity-framework
—–
c#, asp.net, .net, asp.internet-mvc, asp.net-core, .net-core, entity-framework, linq, asp.net-web-api, model-view-controller, iis, entity-framework-core, dependency-injection, razor, asp.net-core-2.0, asp.internet-core-mvc, wcf, entity-framework-6, json.net, kendo-ui, asp.net-core-webapi, webforms, asp.net-mvc-5, identityserver4, asp.net-identity, asp.net-web-api2, asp.net-core-2.1, asp.net-mvc-4, signalr, odata, kendo-grid, automapper, c#-four.0, spider web-config, razor-pages, windows-services, moq, ado.net, aspnetboilerplate, ef-code-first, ef-core-ii.0, asp.cyberspace-core-2.2, linq-to-sql, asp-classic, umbraco, ef-core-2.1, asp.net-ajax, ef-migrations, iis-eight, connexion-string, windows-authentication, linq-to-entities, repository-design, swashbuckle, npgsql, iis-7, dbcontext, hangfire, iis-ten, iis-limited, model-bounden, ef-core-ii.2, windows-server-2012, signalr-hub, iis-7.5, linq-to-xml

centroid ten: c#, azure, python, java, javascript
—–
azure, botframework, azure-sql-database, bots, azure-storage, chatbot, timeout, azure-storage-blobs, report, ssrs-2012, azure-data-factory, telegram-bot, azure-web-app-service, expression, azure-logic-apps, ibm-watson, refactoring, domain-driven-design, azureservicebus, gzip, azure-resource-managing director, azure-iot-hub, twilio-api, azure-data-factory-ii, azure-data-lake, vpn, azure-virtual-machine, microsoft-teams, luis, string-formatting, game-physics, google-banana-sdk, ssrs-2008, game-development, ads, mesh, windows-7, virtual-reality, vuforia, microsoft-cognitive, azure-webjobs, azure-keyvault, azure-api-direction, credentials, directx, facebook-messenger, collision-detection, arm-template, sprite, rdlc, game-engine, azure-search, azure-eventhub, physics, azure-blob-storage, desktop-application, factory, software-blueprint, hololens, u-sql, installer, collision, azure-cli, reporting, google-home, azure-tabular array-storage, azure-cognitive-services, unityscript, startup, azure-bot-service, mysql-connector, ienumerable, qnamaker, instantiation, builder, ssrs-tablix, azure-cosmosdb-sqlapi, azure-stream-analytics, quaternions, reportviewer, skype, azure-machine-learning-studio, azure-servicebus-queues, skype-for-business, ssrs-2008-r2, azure-virtual-network, win-universal-app, azure-log-analytics, unity5, csom, dialogflow-fulfillment

google: google-assistant-sdk, google-dwelling house
azure: azure-webjobs, azure-log-analytics, azure-virtual-auto, azure-sql-database, azure-api-management, azure-iot-hub, azure-web-app-service, azure-data-factory-2, azure-tabular array-storage, azure-servicebus-queues, azure-bot-service, azure-virtual-network, azure-data-factory, azure-cognitive-services, azure-blob-storage, azure-storage-blobs, azure-logic-apps, azure-resource-manager

centroid 44: c#, javascript, java, oauth-2.0, php
—–
api, hallmark, security, facebook, oauth-2.0, spring-security, cookies, jwt, azure-active-directory, cors, postman, microsoft-graph, login, oauth, microservices, active-directory, ldap, jhipster, authorization, passport.js, keycloak, token, azure-ad-b2c, single-sign-on, passwords, sharepoint-online, telegram, spring-security-oauth2, single-folio-awarding, linkedin, google-signin, openid-connect, session-cookies, owin, csrf, auth0, google-oauth2, saml, admission-token, linkedin-api, laravel-passport, saml-2.0, google-hallmark, xss, azure-powershell, adal, basic-authentication, azure-advertising-graph-api, session-variables, msal, oidc, openid, express-session, bearer-token, logout, refresh-token

google: google-authentication, google-signin, google-oauth2
azure: azure-advertisement-graph-api, azure-active-directory, azure-powershell, azure-ad-b2c

centroid 19: c#, visual-studio, visual-studio-2017, .net, xamarin.forms
—–
visual-studio, xamarin, xamarin.forms, visual-studio-2017, xaml, uwp, azure-devops, xamarin.android, build, reporting-services, tfs, ssis, xamarin.ios, nuget, visual-studio-2015, msbuild, crystal-reports, windows-installer, nuget-package, mono, cross-platform, azure-pipelines-release-pipeline, .cyberspace-standard, mvvmcross, visual-studio-2019, visual-studio-2010, c++-cli, visual-studio-2013, sql-server-information-tools, roslyn, resharper, publish, mstest, .net-associates, visual-studio-2012, azure-devops-rest-api, tfs2017, azure-pipelines-build-task, visual-studio-mac, tfs2018, tfsbuild, visual-studio-extensions, visual-studio-debugging, visual-studio-app-center, csproj, tfs2015, vsix, azure-mobile-services, picker, tfvc, xamarin.uwp

azure: azure-devops, azure-devops-rest-api, azure-pipelines-release-pipeline, azure-mobile-services, azure-pipelines-build-task

centroid 36: c#, wpf, winforms, javascript, vb.cyberspace
—–
wpf, vb.cyberspace, winforms, user-interface, listview, charts, events, mvvm, datatable, checkbox, data-binding, datagridview, timer, sapui5, gridview, combobox, bounden, elevate-and-drop, card, datagrid, knockout.js, popup, window, textbox, styles, treeview, listbox, telerik, uwp-xaml, devexpress, resources, vb6, user-controls, prism, viewmodel, controls, datetimepicker, webbrowser-control, cefsharp, panel, contextmenu, windows-10-universal, wpfdatagrid, windows-forms-designer, custom-controls, wpf-controls, richtextbox, clickonce, observablecollection, picturebox, mvvm-light, gdi+, menuitem, backgroundworker

centroid 2: c++, c, python, linux, java
—–
c++, c, c++11, templates, assembly, cmake, gcc, memory, opengl, arduino, makefile, visual-c++, boost, c++17, lua, compiler-errors, x86, linux-kernel, memory-management, compilation, retention-leaks, operating-organisation, io, c++14, fortran, arm, series-port, cuda, char, language-lawyer, partitioning-error, clang, linker, stack, gdb, garbage-collection, macros, stl, g++, kernel, embedded, byte, malloc, shared-libraries, out-of-retentivity, nodes, processing, usb, x86-64, stm32, double, cython, buffer, pthreads, mips, signals, operator-overloading, runtime, gtk, llvm, driver, include, opengl-es, cygwin, operators, fleck-manipulation, structure, overloading, nasm, precision, gnu-make, ros, gstreamer, mingw, const, variadic-templates, eigen, heap, gtk3, embedded-linux, esp8266, linux-device-driver, compiler-construction, warnings, cpu, cross-compiling, clion, qt-creator, profiling, ctypes, std, codeblocks, intel, render-value, system, newline, sdl-2, microcontroller, system-calls, pass-by-reference, valgrind, heave-asio, reverse-engineering, dynamic-memory-allocation, motion, linker-errors, googletest, c-preprocessor, heap-retentivity, static-libraries, function-pointers, sdl, template-meta-programming, benchmarking, arduino-uno, libcurl, interrupt, vtk, x86-xvi, compiler-optimization, constants, stdvector, 64-chip, binaryfiles, bit, swig, quicksort, shared-memory, eclipse-cdt, constexpr, primes, bitwise-operators, x11, shared-ptr, clang++, glfw, binary-search, header-files, singly-linked-list, arduino-esp8266, ld, i2c, main, multiple-inheritance, gnu, smart-pointers, ram, simd, annunciation, esp32, preprocessor, elf, undefined-behavior, bison, qtquick2, sfinae, variadic-functions, mingw-w64, unique-ptr, avr, masm, costless, typedef, doubly-linked-listing, generic-programming, compiler-warnings, glibc, kernel-module, motility-semantics, auto, bootloader, c-strings, inline-assembly, ncurses, mmap, stdmap, glm-math, qmake, bit-shift, endianness, cpu-registers, template-specialization, pid, operator-precedence, retentivity-address

google: googletest

centroid 24: css, html, javascript, bootstrap-four, angular
—–
html, css, jquery, html5, css3, bootstrap-4, twitter-bootstrap, flexbox, sass, datatables, highcharts, html-tabular array, twitter-bootstrap-iii, layout, frontend, datepicker, drop-downwards-bill of fare, css-grid, bootstrap-modal, momentjs, responsive-design, modal-dialog, dropdown, grid, responsive, tabs, font-awesome, navbar, carousel, media-queries, themes, tooltip, alignment, overflow, less, css-position, react-bootstrap, edge, accordion, dt, css-transforms, angular-ui-bootstrap, nav, z-index, grid-layout, utc, reactstrap, vertical-alignment, pseudo-element, linear-gradients, mixins, collapse, popover, athwart-datatables, angular-flex-layout, centering

centroid 31: delphi, c++, c#, winapi, windows
—–
delphi, winapi, dll, mfc, com, firemonkey, firebird, c++architect, delphi-x.2-tokyo, pinvoke, pascal, indy

centroid 25: django, python, django-models, django-residual-framework, python-iii.x
—–
django, django-models, django-rest-framework, django-views, django-forms, django-templates, django-admin, django-queryset, django-orm, django-urls, django-two.0, django-serializer, django-allauth, django-filter, django-form-based-views, django-migrations, serializer

centroid 34: docker, kubernetes, python, google-cloud-platform, java
—–
docker, get, kubernetes, elasticsearch, google-deject-platform, docker-compose, google-app-engine, dockerfile, deployment, rabbitmq, google-cloud-storage, yaml, airflow, google-kubernetes-engine, containers, kibana, google-compute-engine, google-cloud-dataflow, drupal, virtual-motorcar, apache-beam, openshift, prometheus, ibm-deject, grpc, docker-swarm, kubernetes-helm, grafana, gcloud, traefik, google-cloud-datastore, kubectl, load-balancing, google-cloud-sql, kubernetes-ingress, monitoring, google-deject-pubsub, istio, minikube, nginx-reverse-proxy, speech-to-text, alpine, docker-machine, filebeat, google-translate, google-speech-api, iptables, stackdriver, docker-volume, docker-container, azure-aks, nginx-ingress, daemon, google-cloud-vision, google-vision, azure-kubernetes, google-cloud-composer, openshift-origin, kubeadm, dataflow, amazon-eks, service-accounts, rancher, docker-registry, docker-image, nfs, google-cloud-speech, kops, jupyterhub, rbac, google-cloud-endpoints, standard-sql, google-cloud-build, docker-networking

google: google-cloud-build, google-cloud-datastore, google-speech-api, google-cloud-dataflow, google-cloud-storage, google-cloud-platform, google-kubernetes-engine, google-cloud-sql, google-cloud-speech, google-compute-engine, google-deject-composer, google-cloud-endpoints, google-cloud-vision, google-vision, google-cloud-pubsub, google-translate, google-app-engine
amazon: amazon-eks
azure: azure-aks, azure-kubernetes

centroid 21: excel, vba, excel-vba, c#, python
—–
excel, vba, excel-vba, google-sheets, ms-admission, excel-formula, powerbi, outlook, sharepoint, ms-give-and-take, access-vba, office365, apache-poi, sap, dax, formatting, pivot-tabular array, office-js, runtime-error, match, powerpoint, outlook-vba, formula, access, row, vsto, ssas, multiple-columns, powerquery, spreadsheet, vlookup, boilerplate, extract, userform, unique, ms-office, excel-2010, word-vba, ms-admission-2010, excel-2016, rows, ms-access-2016, onedrive, openxml, powerbi-desktop, copy-paste, transpose, conditional-formatting, function-addins, office-interop, epplus, xlsxwriter, interop, phpspreadsheet, paste, shapes, offset, powerpivot, win32com, powerbi-embedded, export-to-excel, python-docx, countif, array-formulas, autofill, powerpoint-vba, activex, ms-access-2013, solver, yard, business organization-intelligence, xls, ado, ssas-tabular, adodb, xlrd, delete-row, sumifs, openxml-sdk, excel-interop, add-in, excel-2013, worksheet, excel-addins

google: google-sheets

centroid 4: git, github, jenkins, python, docker
—–
git, jenkins, github, jenkins-pipeline, gitlab, continuous-integration, sonarqube, bitbucket, jenkins-plugins, gitlab-ci, devops, azure-pipelines, svn, version-control, phpstorm, webhooks, repository, travis-ci, jekyll, artifactory, atom-editor, jira, pipeline, github-pages, teamcity, slack, button, gitlab-ci-runner, git-bash, github-api, continuous-deployment, branch, nexus, circleci, workflow, git-merge, diff, jenkins-groovy, clone, git-submodules, gitignore, atlassian-sourcetree, pull-request, bitbucket-pipelines, patch, commit, git-co-operative, versioning, mercurial, gnupg, git-commit, gerrit, rebase, open-source, githooks, attraction, ssh-keys, git-button

azure: azure-pipelines

centroid 33: java, hibernate, leap, spring-boot, jpa
—–
hibernate, jpa, spring-data-jpa, jump-data, solr, orm, transactions, spring-batch, wildfly, mapping, many-to-many, lucene, h2, entity, liquibase, jpql, ejb, hql, multi-tenant, persistence, spring-data-residue, hibernate-mapping, eclipselink, querydsl, one-to-many, spring-transactions, hikaricp, criteria, hibernate-criteria, gorm, ehcache, jpa-two.0, criteria-api, entitymanager, transactional

centroid 39: coffee, python, c#, node.js, android
—–
http, ssl, sockets, scroll, server, networking, websocket, encryption, https, socket.io, proxy, openssl, tcp, ssl-certificate, cryptography, http-headers, certificate, localhost, udp, mqtt, connexion, client, ip, reverse-proxy, network-programming, aes, rsa, port, tls1.ii, conversation, customer-server, lets-encrypt, cloudflare, haproxy, real-time, virtualhost, wireshark, keystore, ipc, x509certificate, zeromq, bouncycastle, django-channels, tcpclient, http-proxy, serversocket, telnet, cryptojs, public-central-encryption, private-central, tcp-ip, x509, customer-certificates, certbot, tor, multicast

centroid 30: java, rest, spring, spring-boot, javascript
—–
coffee, leap-boot, leap, rest, maven, eclipse, spring-mvc, tomcat, jsp, jdbc, web-services, soap, servlets, swagger, jackson, java-ee, thymeleaf, netbeans, web-applications, apache-camel, compages, salesforce, jump-webflux, jersey, httprequest, jax-rs, wsdl, http-post, multipartform-data, tomcat8, soapui, response, resttemplate, cxf, httpresponse, rest-assured, api-pattern, struts2, soap-client, jstl, restsharp, spring-rest, spring-test, spring-restcontroller, jax-ws, put, endpoint, http-status-codes, struts, spring-web

centroid 22: java, leap-boot, spring, maven, eclipse
—–
gradle, intellij-idea, neo4j, jsf, jar, grails, jboss, jump-cloud, bound-integration, jaxb, internationalization, log4j, eclipse-plugin, swagger-ui, jms, websphere, ant, activemq, vaadin, spring-kafka, pom.xml, log4j2, projection-reactor, weblogic, coffee-11, netty, jetty, maven-3, javamail, crud, java-9, leap-deject-stream, couchbase, ibm-mq, weblogic12c, datasource, glassfish, hazelcast, logback, osgi, hybris, openapi, projection, maven-plugin, netflix-eureka, mybatis, cloudfoundry, reactive, eclipse-rcp, swagger-2.0, slf4j, netflix-zuul, quartz-scheduler, jetbrains-ide, spring-kicking-actuator, lombok, spring-jdbc, sonarqube-browse, war, cdi, javabeans, tomcat7, interceptor, swt, java-x, freemarker, leap-boot-examination, aop, jdbctemplate, dependency-direction, bound-cloud-config, aspectj, spring-aop, flyway, amqp, classpath, spring-jms, jackson-databind, leap-cloud-dataflow, bound-websocket, jump-amqp, pivotal-cloud-foundry, spring-cloud-netflix, cucumber-jvm, executable-jar, spring-integration-dsl, swagger-codegen, tomcat9, spring-data-redis, javadoc, jndi, consul, intellij-plugin, dto, maven-surefire-plugin, hystrix, stomp, bean-validation, gateway, mapstruct, birt, spring-tool-suite, properties-file, jackson2, camunda, springfox, spring-information-neo4j, spring-rabbitmq, spring-session, pydev, xtext, servlet-filters, payara, lawmaking-formatting, spring-deject-gateway

google: google-maps

centroid 15: javascript, angular, android, typescript, visual-studio-lawmaking
—–
ionic-framework, npm, visual-studio-code, ionic3, google-maps, cordova, debugging, electron, nativescript, ionic4, ionic2, meteor, autocomplete, geolocation, cordova-plugins, markdown, vscode-settings, phonegap, ide, webstorm, vscode-extensions, decorator, editor, ionic-native, onesignal, keyboard-shortcuts, angular2-nativescript, xdebug, hybrid-mobile-app, intellisense, nativescript-angular, tslint, remote-debugging, html-framework-7, breakpoints, syntax-highlighting, vscode-debugger, pylint, ibm-mobilefirst, jsdoc, nativescript-vue, prettier, windbg, phonegap-plugins, code-snippets, inappbrowser, phonegap-build

centroid 42: javascript, html, c#, android, python
—–
unity3d, epitome, tkinter, svg, animation, canvas, three.js, nautical chart.js, curl, 3d, html5-canvas, camera, geometry, css-animations, bitmap, rotation, aframe, icons, glsl, shader, fabricjs, rendering, webgl, css-transitions, transform, png, scrollbar, transition, textures, blender, html2canvas, drawing, mask, linechart, draw, jquery-animate, angular-animations, konvajs, raycasting, webvr

centroid 43: javascript, html, jquery, css, reactjs
—–
d3.js, leaflet, google-maps-api-three, magento, magento2, ethereum, jquery-ui, cakephp, jinja2, primefaces, extjs, ember.js, fullcalendar, maps, ckeditor, mapbox, solidity, materialize, jquery-select2, dialog, angularjs-directive, recaptcha, openlayers, coldfusion, polymer, gis, react-apollo, styled-components, tinymce, progress-bar, geojson, javascript-events, position, apollo-client, undefined, addeventlistener, sharepoint-2013, semantic-ui, amcharts, web-deployment, joomla, settimeout, render, p5.js, openstreetmap, element, instagram-api, parent-child, liquid, mapbox-gl-js, focus, angularjs-ng-repeat, setinterval, react-admin, alert, polygon, dom-events, web-component, textarea, react-select, href, web3, contact-form-7, zoom, facebook-javascript-sdk, refresh, graphql-js, overlay, height, slick, content-security-policy, jqgrid, html5-audio, delay, anchor, blogger, html-select, child-process, jquery-plugins, width, html-lists, kendo-asp.net-mvc, loading, zurb-foundation, id, bind, whitespace, dropzone.js, onchange, semantic-ui-react, owl-carousel, media, video.js, hibernate, netlify, background-color, sticky, geocoding, native-base, webpage, inline, tampermonkey, slick.js, form-information, padding, ternary-operator, event-listener, facebook-messenger-bot, underscore.js, formik, jquery-validate, quill, dc.js, highlight, react-table, electron-builder, bulma, jquery-selectors, fullscreen, multi-select, innerhtml, slideshow, parallax, draggable, footer, styling, react-component, jquery-mobile, selector, swiper, space-ringlet, contenteditable, sidebar, jquery-ui-datepicker, mobx-react, form-submit, shadow-dom, backbone.js, each, margin, html-form, mathjax, jquery-ui-autocomplete, viewport, c3.js, adsense, sweetalert2, web-development-server, keypress, jquery-ui-sortable, facebook-php-sdk, sweetalert, middle, font-awesome-5, react-proptypes, placeholder, summernote, font-face, react-context, web-frontend, ref, css-float, parent, wysiwyg, getelementbyid, font-size, college-order-functions, lifecycle, dropzone, partial-views, asyncstorage, wai-aria, spfx, custom-element, jstree, bootstrap-datepicker, line-breaks, react-dom, fancybox, css-tables, stylesheet, react-google-maps, react-leaflet, timepicker, pick, facebook-marketing-api, gsap, crossfilter, draftjs, directive, stock-still, show-hide

google: react-google-maps, google-maps-api-three

centroid i: javascript, python, html, coffee, android
—–
wordpress, woocommerce, javafx, swing, google-bigquery, button, google-api, video, google-analytics, plugins, kivy, youtube, onclick, calendar, dynamics-crm, youtube-api, widget, background, slider, radio-button, issue-handling, save, amp-html, compression, google-tag-director, javafx-viii, click, hover, fxml, analytics, display, firebase-analytics, mouseevent, resize, background-image, size, listener, google-analytics-api, cantankerous-domain, toggle, jpeg, google-data-studio, google-adwords, rgb, submit, gif, pixel, ingather, gallery, tiff, thumbnails, image-resizing, exif, user-feel, src, pillow

google: google-adwords, google-bigquery, google-api, google-tag-manager, google-information-studio, google-analytics-api, google-analytics

centroid 26: javascript, reactjs, node.js, typescript, react-native
—–
javascript, node.js, reactjs, firebase, react-native, flutter, firebase-realtime-database, webpack, dart, redux, google-cloud-firestore, ecmascript-half dozen, react-redux, firebase-authentication, google-cloud-functions, jestjs, promise, async-await, react-router, firebase-cloud-messaging, import, push-notification, dialogflow, material-ui, module, react-navigation, react-native-android, expo, fetch, gulp, mocha, firebase-storage, actions-on-google, create-react-app, enzyme, material-blueprint, jsx, flutter-layout, lodash, babel, navigation, es6-hope, node-modules, apollo, state, npm-install, babeljs, eslint, gatsby, react-native-ios, javascript-objects, react-router-v4, next.js, yarnpkg, webpack-4, react-hooks, redux-form, prestashop, firebase-security-rules, flowtype, react-router-dom, typescript-typings, webpack-dev-server, antd, redux-saga, redux-thunk, router, bundle.json, react-native-flatlist, firebase-admin, react-props, react-native-navigation, mobx, firebaseui, es6-modules, firebase-hosting, aurelia, pm2, immutability, serverside-rendering, action, setstate, gruntjs, requirejs, ecmascript-5, palpitate-dependencies, ssr, react-native-firebase, angular-dart, es6-class, require, laravel-mix, arrow-functions, react-native-maps, npm-scripts, flutter-animation, workbox, firebase-cli, destructuring, boom-boom-loader, immutable.js, minify, browserify, node-sass, nodemon, firebase-security, angularfire, reducers, loader, bower

google: google-deject-functions, actions-on-google, google-cloud-firestore

centroid 13: javascript, selenium, google-chrome, html, selenium-webdriver
—–
selenium, google-chrome, selenium-webdriver, xpath, dom, google-chrome-extension, firefox, caching, automation, iframe, selenium-chromedriver, mobile, browser, internet-explorer, safari, webdriver, css-selectors, google-chrome-devtools, webrtc, progressive-web-apps, service-worker, local-storage, cyberspace-explorer-11, html5-video, microsoft-border, ignite, phantomjs, chromium, cross-browser, webdriverwait, capybara, screenshot, cpu-architecture, mobile-safari, firefox-addon, webkit, geckodriver, firefox-webextensions, google-chrome-headless, browser-cache, webdriver-io, v8, specflow, selenium-grid, html-agility-pack, memcached, guava, devtools, cucumber-java, headless, domdocument, extentreports, selenium-ide, watir, cache-control, google-chrome-app, browser-automation, rselenium, mozilla

google: google-chrome, google-chrome-headless, google-chrome-devtools, google-chrome-app, google-chrome-extension

centroid 6: javascript, vue.js, vuejs2, vuex, webpack
—–
vue.js, express, vuejs2, axios, vue-component, vuex, vuetify.js, xmlhttprequest, vue-router, nuxt.js, fetch-api, vue-cli, vue-cli-3, store, nuxt, bootstrap-vue, vue-examination-utils, element-ui, vee-validate

centroid 40: mongodb, node.js, javascript, python, express
—–
mongodb, qt, mongoose, graphql, pyqt5, pyqt, mongodb-query, aggregation-framework, discord, qml, qt5, nosql, discord.js, discord.py, aggregate, ejs, handlebars.js, pymongo, backend, schema, mongoose-schema, mean-stack, sails.js, pug, nestjs, loopbackjs, pyqt4, spring-data-mongodb, multer, geospatial, mean, fs, aggregation, lookup, loopback, apollo-server, parse-server, pyside2, bcrypt, mongodb-.cyberspace-driver, document, pyside, qt-designer, mongoengine, torso-parser, discord.py-rewrite, project, mern, mongoose-populate, qthread, mlab, joi, passport-local, pyqtgraph, bson, sharding, express-handlebars

centroid 5: multithreading, java, python, concurrency, c++
—–
multithreading, asynchronous, parallel-processing, concurrency, multiprocessing, callback, queue, celery, jvm, chore, python-asyncio, synchronization, dask, python-multiprocessing, thread-safety, locking, mpi, openmp, singleton, pickle, python-multithreading, opencl, future, threadpool, mutex, chore-parallel-library, tornado, deadlock, aiohttp, atomic, wait, executorservice, semaphore, completable-future, handler, goroutine, channel, race-status, volatile, pool, runnable, java-threads, synchronous, async.js, producer-consumer, synchronized, coffee.util.concurrent, blocking

centroid 11: oracle, sql, plsql, oracle11g, database
—–
oracle, plsql, stored-procedures, oracle11g, triggers, db2, oracle12c, sql-server-2014, oracle-sqldeveloper, oracle-apex, cursor, database-trigger, apex, oracle10g, sqlplus, oracle-apex-5.1, procedure, dynamic-sql, cx-oracle, oracle-adf, oracleforms, hierarchical-data, plsqldeveloper, oracle-noon-5

centroid 38: pdf, html, python, php, c#
—–
pdf, merge, webview, press, fonts, r-markdown, download, base64, puppeteer, itext, hyperlink, latex, consign, blob, imagemagick, ocr, pdf-generation, adobe, jspdf, pdfbox, itext7, embed, docx, digital-signature, wkhtmltopdf, fpdf, mpdf, tcpdf, dompdf, ghostscript, acrobat, pypdf2, reportlab

centroid 9: php, laravel, laravel-v, mysql, javascript
—–
php, laravel, ajax, laravel-v, codeigniter, validation, eloquent, session, file-upload, model, pagination, codeigniter-3, laravel-5.6, controller, laravel-5.v, migration, upload, laravel-5.7, laravel-bract, laravel-5.iv, relational-database, laravel-five.ii, php-7, human relationship, lumen, middleware, php-vii.2, octobercms, guzzle, image-uploading, laravel-5.8, algolia, query-builder, phpexcel, jobs, laravel-query-builder, laravel-5.iii, roles, artisan, laravel-nova, php-carbon, laravel-4, laravel-5.ane, homestead, pusher, laravel-eloquent, blade, laravel-routing, laravel-sunset, relation, shared-hosting, eager-loading

centroid 47: php, wordpress, javascript, woocommerce, python
—–
google-apps-script, email, notifications, google-drive-api, paypal, stripe-payments, gmail, smtp, attributes, wordpress-theming, google-calendar-api, google-visualization, google-oauth, google-sheets-api, product, phpmailer, youtube-data-api, avant-garde-custom-fields, gmail-api, hook-woocommerce, outlook-addin, metadata, google-sheets-formula, cart, html-e-mail, google-app-maker, claw, exchangewebservices, payment-gateway, custom-post-type, exchange-server, checkout, eastward-commerce, sendgrid, field, content-management-system, nodemailer, categories, gsuite, google-form, admin, mailchimp, comments, spider web-hosting, outlook-web-addins, orders, wordpress-rest-api, customization, imap, google-docs, rss, custom-wordpress-pages, custom-taxonomy, shortcode, outlook-restapi, email-attachments, google-sheets-query, mailgun, google-api-php-client, woocommerce-residual-api, wordpress-gutenberg, google-apis-explorer, attachment, gmail-addons, price, sendmail, icalendar, blogs, registration, custom-fields, multisite, google-admin-sdk, shipping, gravity-forms-plugin, google-api-client, annal, pagespeed, smtplib, mime, meta, google-api-nodejs-customer, contact-form, taxonomy, google-api-python-client, account, stock

google: google-sheets-api, google-docs, google-oauth, google-apps-script, google-sheets-query, google-sheets-formula, google-api-php-client, google-api-nodejs-client, google-visualization, google-admin-sdk, google-calendar-api, google-apis-explorer, google-api-python-client, google-grade, google-app-maker, google-api-client, google-drive-api

centroid 23: postgresql, sql, python, javascript, mysql
—–
sqlite, flask, sqlalchemy, hyperledger-fabric, odoo, hyperledger, elixir, blockchain, hyperledger-composer, flask-sqlalchemy, sequence, couchdb, psycopg2, psql, postgis, pyodbc, knex.js, plpgsql, jsonb, jooq, typeorm, postgresql-9.5, ecto, postgresql-x, marshalling, connection-pooling, postgresql-ix.6, database-replication, unmarshalling, pgadmin-4, pgadmin, recursive-query, postgresql-9.iv, crosstab, go-gorm, database-backups, postgresql-9.3, rds, heroku-postgres

centroid 35: python, java, c++, c#, windows
—–
windows, powershell, batch-file, ffmpeg, sound, cmd, windows-10, path, stream, directory, process, vbscript, prolog, ftp, time-complication, re-create, command, zip, file-io, ocaml, scheduled-tasks, storage, big-o, binary-search-tree, registry, scheme, binary-tree, text-files, dynamic-programming, rename, exe, repeat, command-prompt, hashtable, powershell-v3.0, filereader, batch-processing, wmi, stack-overflow, file-handling, windows-server-2016, windows-server-2012-r2, bufferedreader, taskscheduler, fstream, hyper-v, readfile, depth-first-search, fibonacci, ifstream, backtracking

centroid 3: python, java, javascript, arrays, c#
—–
arrays, string, listing, function, loops, csv, algorithm, dictionary, performance, for-loop, file, sorting, course, object, if-statement, oop, haskell, recursion, pointers, variables, generics, coffee-8, matrix, rust, filter, optimization, indexing, math, lambda, arraylist, inheritance, input, multidimensional-array, search, random, vector, data-structures, fourth dimension, struct, types, methods, while-loop, foreach, pattern-patterns, dynamic, functional-programming, collections, java-stream, sas, parameters, enums, nested, interface, constructor, linked-list, syntax, casting, tree, hashmap, binary, properties, scope, reference, type-conversion, floating-point, iterator, nothing, tuples, static, format, set, conditional, iteration, range, switch-argument, return, suspend, numbers, boolean, output, int, concatenation, polymorphism, hex, compare, initialization, namespaces, integer, blueprint-matching, group, logic, key, filtering, parameter-passing, listing-comprehension, apply, subset, global-variables, slice, vectorization, conditional-statements, combinations, scanf, coffee.util.scanner, character, lapply, comparison, this, second, override, counter, numpy-ndarray, permutation, user-input, rounding, nested-loops, abstract-grade, instance, reduce, prototype, itertools, global, reverse, subclass, comparator, key-value, increment, min, infinite-loop, contains, do-while, associative-array, mergesort, abstract, indexof, break, bubble-sort

centroid 48: python, coffee, javascript, r, php
—–
typo3, wso2, clojure, sublimetext3, drupal-eight, acumatica, jframe, docusignapi, teradata, emacs, netsuite, karate, verilog, jasper-reports, marklogic, sparql, vhdl, sympy, autodesk-forge, knitr, erlang, yocto, tcl, odoo-11, cakephp-three.0, mule, phoenix-framework, drupal-7, integration, dissonance, netlogo, autohotkey, uml, drools, node-red, stata, magento-1.9, common-lisp, aem, opencart, abap, line, python-sphinx, jtable, yii, pentaho, wagtail, coq, regex-lookarounds, slack-api, bioinformatics, openstack, perl6, antlr4, awt, rcpp, upgrade, tweepy, jpanel, macos-loftier-sierra, documentation, jsonschema, actionscript-3, vmware, wildcard, microsoft-dynamics, prestashop-1.7, typo3-8.x, zend-framework, lisp, gwt, elasticsearch-five, altitude, smartcontracts, talend, wso2-am, slim, sfml, message-queue, estimator-scientific discipline, scenebuilder, yii2-advanced-app, rdf, inno-setup, fpga, flask-wtforms, bitcoin, clipboard, special-characters, unreal-engine4, hana, preg-supersede, gdal, wink, nginx-config, wso2esb, organisation-verilog, arangodb, wso2is, netbeans-8, uuid, graphviz, liferay, omnet++, spatial, encode, powershell-v4.0, paypal-sandbox, http2, dynamics-365, local, ip-address, servicestack, hdf5, firewall, kdb, executable, linear-programming, add, orientdb, angularjs-scope, cplex, pymysql, xpages, phaser-framework, maya, powershell-v2.0, nginx-location, adfs, limit, abstract-syntax-tree, variable-assignment, elementtree, wav, mouse, splunk, asterisk, pandoc, publish-subscribe, simulink, webassembly, packages, complexity-theory, ansible-2.x, python-decorators, preg-friction match, regex-negation, minecraft, spotfire, nested-lists, pcre, gfortran, percentage, matching, monads, jbutton, gsub, numba, sitecore, watson-conversation, dropwizard, edit, frequency, vulkan, cdn, mime-types, wrapper, php-curl, bailiwick of jersey-two.0, scapy, converters, zapier, attributeerror, elm, panel.log, web3js, kentico, moodle, intervals, anylogic, multilingual, logical-operators, glm, vlc, owl, autodesk-viewer, dojo, z3, arcgis, classloader, pyomo, sybase, antlr, md5, indexeddb, powerapps, information-conversion, http-status-lawmaking-403, web-worker, external, alfresco, airflow-scheduler, finance, typo3-nine.ten, cpu-usage, pouchdb, ibm-midrange, ping, truffle, qemu, dask-distributed, selection, apache-httpclient-four.x, jsonpath, sha256, coding-style, polymer-2.x, zipfile, vps, symbols, mediawiki, adding, okta, smarty, blueprism, netcdf, zend-framework3, genetic-algorithm, snmp, echo, plesk, signature, doxygen, qgis, dlib, jena, ckeditor4.x, tortoisesvn, face-recognition, message, number-formatting, dropbox, lm, default, spss, perforce, affirm, uart, acl, symlink, suitescript2.0, kendo-ui-angular2, getter-setter, jira-rest-api, crm, sleep, indentation, prompt, analysis, lme4, ironpython, latitude-longitude, grammar, dotnetnuke, cqrs, gaussian, regex-greedy, koa, yum, numerical-methods, haskell-stack, scala-cats, hugo, rpc, priority-queue, openldap, popen, shapefile, var, partition, tape, combinatorics, ada, nio, pentaho-data-integration, appium-ios, scheduling, pyautogui, snakemake, production-environment, lwjgl, computational-geometry, scaling, tabulator, lifetime, naming-conventions, jsf-two, lotus-notes, javac, numeric, odoo-8, modeling, salesforce-lightning, silverstripe, bookdown, websphere-liberty, virtualization, wxwidgets, ramda.js, hapijs, reload, marklogic-9, snapshot, hierarchy, server-side, cakephp-three.ten, prestashop-one.6, schedule, unix-timestamp, difference, ontology, readline, configuration-files, opendaylight, cake, wolfram-mathematica, rpm, logstash-grok, currency, mount, remote-server, destructor, nsis, captcha, feathersjs, code-generation, hardware, django-2.i, suitescript, typoscript, jython, trim, distributed-system, zabbix, vaadin8, nodemcu, magento2.two, string-matching, shuffle, ckeditor5, mixed-models, fedora, ipv6, new-operator, ember-data, llvm-clang, exit, webcam, str-replace, large-information, simplexml, rules, elasticsearch-aggregation, rhel, dsl, ethernet, effect-sourcing, vimeo, hashset, date-formatting, zlib, standards, bamboo, converter, liferay-7, file-get-contents, solrcloud, servicenow, logstash-configuration, xhtml, virtual, pywin32, equals, interp, micronaut, production, cs50, fopen, elasticsearch-6, lazy-evaluation, server-sent-events, extbase, interpret, python-module, tabular, libreoffice, sml, private, apostrophe-cms, tostring, bitbake, actionlistener, restore, activiti, mypy, opencart-3, janusgraph, rank, multiplication, keyword, archlinux, optaplanner, imagick, informix, flex-lexer, photoshop, pyaudio, openlayers-3, reset, sentry, umbraco7, messaging, lotus-domino, fiddler, interactive, jlabel, folium, bigcommerce, transparency, nullreferenceexception, operator-keyword, tracking, keyboard-events, twitter-oauth, static-methods, polymer-iii.ten, prisma, mule-esb, string-comparing, counting, layout-manager, gherkin, inner-classes, docker-for-windows, checksum, imagemagick-convert, connect, php-7.ane, sublimetext, wso2carbon, python-telegram-bot, react-native-router-flux, desktop, paypal-balance-sdk, php-5.6, division, typeclass, identityserver3, mapbox-gl, wix-react-native-navigation, sample, point-clouds, web-audio, vertica, coffee-time, mosquitto, dllimport, dump, covariance, cytoscape.js, cgal, r-package, installshield, eigen3, point-cloud-library, ngx-datatable, sampling, vapor, clojurescript, car-increase, overlap, ibm-cloud-infrastructure, echarts, spider web-audio-api, hp-uft, office365api, ngx-translate, shortcut, paho, ember-cli, rfid, applet, swap, predicate, host, detox, cas, jsf-two.two, trigonometry, sandbox, beagleboneblack, filestream, numpy-broadcasting, xsd-validation, fgets, ghc, quiet-bdd, spi, duration, jna, unzip, fiware, rhel7, long-integer, pentaho-spoon, cpython, crystal-lang, exclamation, string-concatenation, compatibility, coffee-module, fluid, meta-tags, wildfly-10, hashicorp-vault, apache-karaf, roblox, gurobi, install4j, development-surround, static-assay, ffi, h5py, django-authentication, urlencode, directx-xi, salt-stack, r-raster, pseudocode, hsqldb, django-celery, fatal-error, pywinauto, peewee, p2p, tinymce-iv, mysql-5.seven, openlayers-v, vis.js, palindrome, angular-template, resteasy, kable, quickbooks, monaco-editor, rdp, solrj, file-transfer, language-agnostic, mustache, java-7, naudio, velocity, wikidata, re-create-constructor, inaugural, wtforms, montecarlo, wso2ei, sitemap, stringbuilder, geoserver, joomla3.0, symbolic-math, bytecode, high-availability, sharepoint-2010, assign, semantic-spider web, rtf, vmware-clarity, odoo-12, informatica, book, jit, monogame, super, eof, syncfusion, rust-cargo, dataweave, stack-trace, browser-sync, arduino-ide, blogdown, communication, rider, favicon, fill, processbuilder, biginteger, labview, resampling, normal-distribution, linear, angular4-router, hierarchical-clustering, elevate, modbus, diagram, give-and-take, org-manner, admin-on-rest, equation, webrequest, tinkerpop3, restful-authentication, lib, tizen, user-amanuensis, survival-assay, indicate, fragment-shader, tableau-server, ansible-inventory, delete-file, lawmaking-injection, clickhouse, text-editor, kettle, angularjs-textile, engagement-range, rpy2, complex-numbers, graphene-python, coded-ui-tests, midi, programming-languages, web-push, pine-script, equality, holoviews, sapply, quotes, jtextfield, emscripten, sas-macro, angular-http, varnish, phalcon, typing, freeze, opentok, countersign-protection, anonymous-office, resolution, remote-desktop, cryptocurrency, hpc, default-value, tsc, multiline, chromium-embedded, treemap, substitution, arm64, shutil, supervisord, at-command, interpreter, packet, google-search, dynamics-crm-online, can-bus, neo4j-apoc, ranking, httpserver, gsm, freebsd, centos6, yield, c++-winrt, fread, anypoint-studio, jboss7.x, type-hinting, wixcode, epoch, uninstall, autoit, smartcard, wikipedia, athwart-service-worker, cosine-similarity, protege, schema.org, typescript-generics, dropbox-api, verification, composition, windows-server, using, hmac, dry, ag-grid-angular, median, messenger, rethinkdb, thingsboard, xilinx, named-pipes, office-ui-fabric, dynamics-crm-365, heroku-cli, date-format, imputation, jfreechart, wiremock, packaging, outliers, target, typo3-7.vi.x, ngrok, audit, models, jboss-eap-7, moving-average, 32bit-64bit, strapi, views, silverstripe-iv, rasa-core, content-type, event-loop, textinput, smoothing, surface, explode, getusermedia, 7zip, confidence-interval, picket, freertos, zend-framework2, circular-dependency, qliksense, repeater, cjk, clock, django-testing, flick, csrf-protection, shopping-cart, encapsulation, paypal-ipn, json-ld, cobol, key-bindings, relative-path, hashcode, thrift, bing-maps, localdate, dicom, netezza

google: google-search

centroid 37: python, machine-learning, tensorflow, python-3.ten, keras
—–
tensorflow, numpy, keras, machine-learning, opencv, matlab, deep-learning, scikit-acquire, image-processing, neural-network, scipy, nlp, pytorch, computer-vision, conv-neural-network, lstm, data-science, regression, classification, dataset, gpu, nltk, google-colaboratory, linear-regression, artificial-intelligence, object-detection, cluster-analysis, generator, spacy, interpolation, logistic-regression, svm, data-analysis, tesseract, random-wood, tensorflow-datasets, bazel, betoken-processing, recurrent-neural-network, opencv3.0, fft, tensorboard, gensim, sparse-matrix, word2vec, cv2, h2o, cross-validation, tensor, caffe, xgboost, reshape, reinforcement-learning, stanford-nlp, linear-algebra, k-means, tensorflow-estimator, prediction, rnn, keras-layer, pca, probability, curve-plumbing equipment, decision-tree, text-mining, tensorflow-serving, loss-role, object-detection-api, google-cloud-ml, metrics, mathematical-optimization, image-segmentation, matrix-multiplication, autoencoder, tensorflow-low-cal, r-caret, text-nomenclature, sentiment-analysis, scikit-image, convolution, training-data, categorical-data, tensorflow.js, knn, mnist, valueerror, sklearn-pandas, slope-descent, weka, yolo, python-tesseract, word-embedding, feature-extraction, tokenize, emgucv, feature-option, predict, coreml, similarity, normalization, one-hot-encoding, backpropagation, convolutional-neural-network, ode, lda, tf-idf, openai-gym, paradigm-recognition, theano, naivebayes, rasa-nlu, detection, grid-search, information-mining, differential-equations, layer, torch, roc, mxnet, photographic camera-calibration, topic-modeling, cudnn, kaggle, confusion-matrix, tensorflow2.0, doc2vec, distributed, embedding, tfrecord, recommendation-engine, multilabel-classification, ner

google: google-colaboratory, google-cloud-ml

centroid 46: python, php, apache, python-iii.x, ubuntu
—–
apache, nginx, .htaccess, web, url, pip, anaconda, redirect, pycharm, dns, ubuntu-sixteen.04, permissions, url-rewriting, package, mod-rewrite, installation, conda, centos7, ubuntu-xviii.04, debian, virtualenv, python-import, install, apache2, url-redirection, vagrant, webserver, virtualbox, cpanel, gunicorn, digital-ocean, http-status-lawmaking-404, config, hosting, subdomain, systemd, uwsgi, wamp, nvidia, setuptools, ubuntu-14.04, mod-wsgi, pipenv, url-routing, mamp, httpd.conf, surroundings, query-string, seo, wsgi, subdirectory, setup.py, wampserver, permalinks, pypi, apache2.4, lamp, apt, http-status-code-301, miniconda, http-redirect

centroid fifty: python, python-3.10, python-ii.vii, pandas, javascript
—–
python, python-3.10, pandas, dataframe, python-2.7, spider web-scraping, datetime, parsing, beautifulsoup, post, python-requests, scrapy, request, pygame, python-3.six, pandas-groupby, encoding, unicode, get, utf-8, twitter, graphic symbol-encoding, header, python-3.7, spider web-crawler, python-imaging-library, pyinstaller, spyder, tags, consign-to-csv, typeerror, odoo-10, openpyxl, jsoup, regex-group, python-3.five, ascii, series, urllib, wxpython, lxml, turtle-graphics, xlsx, rvest, nan, argparse, python-2.x, mysql-python, datetime-format, kivy-language, emoji, importerror, screen-scraping, scrapy-spider, pyserial, html-parsing, python-xarray, flask-restful, tkinter-canvass, cheerio, frame, odoo-nine, cx-freeze, twisted, tk, python-datetime, python-unicode, decoding, httr, tkinter-entry, timedelta

centroid 16: python, unix, bash, sed, linux
—–
regex, linux, bash, vanquish, unix, perl, awk, sed, text, replace, carve up, cron, command-line, grep, scripting, sh, discover, substring, filesystems, notepad++, fork, posix, scheduler, cgi, delimiter, text-processing, aix, cutting, solaris

centroid 29: r, python, ggplot2, plot, matplotlib
—–
r, matplotlib, ggplot2, dplyr, shiny, jupyter-notebook, plot, graph, time-series, statistics, colors, plotly, julia, rstudio, graphics, seaborn, aught, tidyverse, bokeh, data-visualization, bar-nautical chart, label, networkx, histogram, ipython, purrr, tidyr, visualization, gremlin, gnuplot, influxdb, igraph, shinydashboard, legend, heatmap, octave, graph-theory, simulation, data-manipulation, correlation, raster, plotly-dash, statsmodels, data-cleaning, na, matlab-effigy, mutate, besprinkle-plot, boxplot, multi-index, stringr, dashboard, forecasting, scale, lubridate, r-plotly, missing-data, graph-databases, arima, pie-chart, graph-algorithm, jupyter-lab, axis, geopandas, shiny-server, distribution, breadth-showtime-search, sparklyr, bayesian, lag, sf, tibble, subplot, matplotlib-basemap, xts, contour, plyr, anova, axis-labels, shortest-path, shiny-reactivity, ggmap, dijkstra, figure, rlang, facet, ggplotly, zoo

centroid 49: cerise, cerise-on-rails, blood-red-on-rail-5, javascript, activerecord
—–
ruby-on-rails, postgresql, ruby, heroku, redis, ruby-on-rails-5, yii2, hash, activerecord, routes, shopify, ruby-on-rails-four, rspec, rubygems, devise, chef, red-on-rails-3, package, rails-activestorage, associations, rails-activerecord, puppet, ruby-on-runway-5.2, metaprogramming, rspec-rails, activeadmin, bundler, coffeescript, shopify-app, sidekiq, carrierwave, rider, sinatra, uncomplicated-grade, nokogiri, cloudinary, capistrano, puma, webpacker, mongoid, actioncable, erb, haml, rake, paperclip, manufacturing plant-bot

centroid 41: sql, sql-server, mysql, database, postgresql
—–
sql, mysql, sql-server, database, tsql, date, mysqli, bring together, select, grouping-past, mariadb, sequelize.js, pdo, phpmyadmin, sql-server-2008, information.table, count, sql-server-2012, xampp, database-design, duplicates, view, sum, timestamp, pivot, foreign-keys, sql-update, mysql-workbench, timezone, tableau, insert, ssms, odbc, constraints, sql-server-2016, etl, subquery, max, syntax-mistake, left-join, case, database-connectedness, decimal, inner-bring together, prepared-statement, total-text-search, database-migration, sql-club-by, query-optimization, sql-server-2008-r2, sql-server-2017, sql-insert, union, backup, aggregate-functions, where, partitioning, common-table-expression, distinct, query-performance, concat, oledb, innodb, replication, window-functions, sql-injection, mdx, primary-key, greatest-north-per-group, where-clause, database-performance, sql-delete, data-warehouse, rdbms, sql-similar, database-administration, ddl, entity-relationship, bulkinsert, ssis-2012, calculated-columns, resultset, derby, database-schema, sql-server-2005, create-table, database-normalization, temp-tables

centroid 14: swift, ios, xcode, objective-c, android
—–
ios, swift, xcode, objective-c, uitableview, swift4, iphone, uicollectionview, facebook-graph-api, realm, bluetooth-lowenergy, twilio, core-data, cocoa, admob, cocoapods, alamofire, arkit, swift3, crash, uiview, tableview, localization, keyboard, autolayout, sprite-kit, frameworks, uiviewcontroller, augmented-reality, uikit, wkwebview, scenekit, accessibility, closures, in-app-buy, instagram, xcode10, uinavigationcontroller, avfoundation, uibutton, apple-push-notifications, uiscrollview, uitextfield, delegates, crashlytics, app-store, uicollectionviewcell, ios11, protocols, macos-mojave, ios12, xcode9, storyboard, uinavigationbar, qr-code, uilabel, uiimageview, uitabbarcontroller, ipad, optional, decode, uiimage, cell, metal, segue, mapkit, deep-linking, swift4.2, parse-platform, codable, spotify, uitextview, avplayer, itunesconnect, facebook-login, gradient, bear upon, audiokit, cocoa-impact, textfield, assets, ios-simulator, uistackview, uisearchbar, uiwebview, grand-central-dispatch, firebase-dynamic-links, watchkit, voip, nslayoutconstraint, fastlane, uiimagepickercontroller, iphone-x, nsattributedstring, interface-builder, viewcontroller, uipickerview, nsuserdefaults, core-bluetooth, decodable, xctest, extension-methods, apple-watch, nsurlsession, cadre-location, code-signing, navigationbar, uialertcontroller, orientation, uigesturerecognizer, objectmapper, swift-playground, keychain, core-graphics, xib, uisearchcontroller, lldb, swift-protocols, avaudioplayer, tvos, cloudkit, shadow, appdelegate, contacts, statusbar, swift4.1, testflight, mkmapview, ios-autolayout, uibezierpath, gesture, uipageviewcontroller, wellness-kit, uitabbar, cllocationmanager, calayer, xcuitest, provisioning-contour, icloud, uicollectionviewlayout, geofire, uistoryboard, metalkit, pdfkit, plist, uiviewanimation, swifty-json, collectionview, uibarbuttonitem, ipa, xcode-ui-testing

centroid 32: symfony, php, symfony4, javascript, mysql
—–
forms, symfony, symfony4, composer-php, twig, doctrine, annotations, doctrine-orm, phpunit, symfony-3.four, translation, autowired, symfony-forms, sonata-admin, api-platform.com, fosuserbundle, swiftmailer, information-annotations, sonata

centroid 27: testing, coffee, javascript, unit of measurement-testing, automatic-tests
—–
angularjs, unit-testing, testing, smashing, junit, jmeter, protractor, mockito, automatic-tests, jasmine, mocking, cucumber, appium, pytest, testng, robotframework, integration-testing, cypress, performance-testing, android-espresso, code-coverage, e2e-testing, junit5, chai, python-unittest, junit4, sinon, karma-runner, ui-automation, load, appium-android, nightwatch.js, load-testing, tdd, katalon-studio, testcafe, jest, bdd, spock, powermockito, powermock, codeception, jmeter-plugins, rpa, qa, cucumberjs, jmeter-iv.0, angular-test, robolectric

Full code

The code I used to create and brandish the previous results:
              clusters = l percent = '01' one_hot_dimensions = 50  model = 'deleting.kmeans_tagsubtag_%s_big_a_%s_%s' % (clusters, percent,one_hot_dimensions) clusters_temp_table = 'deleting.clusters_%s_result_a_%s_%s' % (clusters, per centum, one_hot_dimensions)  one_hot_p = client.query(""" SELECT STRING_AGG(   FORMAT("IFNULL(ANY_VALUE(IF(tag2='%%s',1,naught)),0)X%%s", tag2, Supersede(Supercede(Supercede(REPLACE(tag2,'-','_'),'.','D'),'#','H'),'+','P'))  ) one_hot FROM (   SELECT tag2, SUM(questions) questions    FROM `deleting.stack_overflow_tag_co_ocurrence`   GROUP BY tag2   ORDER BY questions DESC   LIMIT %south )""" % one_hot_dimensions).to_dataframe().iloc[0]['one_hot']  client.query(""" CREATE OR Supercede MODEL `%due south`  OPTIONS (      model_type='kmeans',     distance_type='COSINE',     num_clusters=%s ) Equally WITH tag_and_subtags Equally (     SELECT tag1, %s     FROM `deleting.stack_overflow_tag_co_ocurrence`     WHERE percent>0.%s     GROUP By tag1 ) SELECT * EXCEPT(tag1) FROM tag_and_subtags """ % (model, clusters, one_hot_p, percent)).to_dataframe()  df = client.query(""" CREATE OR Supercede Tabular array %s AS WITH tag_and_subtags AS (     SELECT tag1, MAX(questions) questions, %due south     FROM `deleting.stack_overflow_tag_co_ocurrence`     WHERE per centum>0.%southward     Grouping BY tag1 )  SELECT centroid_id  , STRING_AGG(tag1, ', ' ORDER BY questions DESC) tags  , ARRAY_TO_STRING(ARRAY_AGG(IF(tag1 LIKE '%%google%%', tag1, null)  IGNORE nulls LIMIT 18), ', ') google_tags  , ARRAY_TO_STRING(ARRAY_AGG(IF(tag1 Like '%%amazon%%' OR tag1 Like '%%aws%%', tag1, null)  IGNORE nulls LIMIT 18), ', ') amazon_tags  , ARRAY_TO_STRING(ARRAY_AGG(IF(tag1 LIKE '%%azure%%', tag1, null)  IGNORE nulls LIMIT 18), ', ') azure_tags  , COUNT(*) c FROM ML.PREDICT(MODEL `%s`    , (SELECT * FROM tag_and_subtags ) ) GROUP By ane ORDER BY c DESC """ % (clusters_temp_table, one_hot_p, percent, model)).to_dataframe()  df = customer.query(""" SELECT centroid_id, c, aye, tags     , IFNULL(google_tags, '') google_tags     , IFNULL(amazon_tags, '') amazon_tags     , IFNULL(azure_tags, '') azure_tags FROM `%southward`  JOIN (   SELECT centroid_id     , STRING_AGG(REPLACE(Supplant(Replace(Supervene upon(Supervene upon(feature,'_','-'),'D','.'),'H','#'),'P','+'), 'Ten', ''), ', ' Club BY numerical_value DESC  LIMIT five) yep   FROM ML.CENTROIDS(MODEL `%southward`   )   GROUP BY i )  USING(centroid_id) ORDER BY yep """ % (clusters_temp_table, model)).to_dataframe()  for index, row in df.iterrows():     print('centroid %s: %due south\north-----' % (row['centroid_id'],  row['yep']))     impress(row['tags'])     print()     if row['google_tags']:         print('google: %s' % row['google_tags'])     if row['amazon_tags']:         print('amazon: %due south' % row['amazon_tags'])     if row['azure_tags']:         print('azure: %due south' % row['azure_tags'])     print('\n')            
Note that I joined my results withML.CENTROIDS() — which gives me the top differentiating occurring tags for each centroid — fifty-fifty if they are non function of each cluster.

And that's all it takes

Are yous surprised by the results? Or surprised by how easy was to run our g-means modeling with BigQuery? Or curious for why I chosedistance-type: 'COSINE' for this problem? Now information technology's your turn to play :). Check the BigQuery docs for creating models and the one thousand-ways tutorial.

Lak's thoughts

How would you lot choose the all-time parameters? Check Lak Lakshmanan post for hyper-parameter tuning. Lak too had some interesting ideas virtually dimensionality reduction for clustering via matrix factorization — but we'll leave that for a future mail. As an untested preview: In one case yous take the co-occurrence of tag1 and tag2, treat it as a recommendation problem, i.e. tag2 is what tag1 liked percent of the time. So, you tin do matrix factorization:
              CREATE OR Supersede MODEL deleting.tag1_tag2 OPTIONS (      model_type='matrix_factorization',     user_col='tag1', item_col='tag2', rating_col='percent10' ) AS SELECT tag1, tag2, pct*10 As percent10 FROM advdata.stack_overflow_tag_co_ocurrence            
From this matrix factorization, you will have tag1_factors and tag2_factors which are essentially an embedding of the tags learned from the data. Concatenate these and cluster it instead …
              SELECT feature, factor_weights FROM ML.WEIGHTS( MODEL deleting.tag1_tag2 ) WHERE processed_input = 'tag1' and feature Similar '%google%'            

Desire more than?

I'm Felipe Hoffa, a Developer Advocate for Google Cloud. Tweet me @felipehoffa, my previous posts on medium.com/@hoffa, and all near BigQuery on reddit.com/r/bigquery – including predicting when will Stack Overflow respond. Tags: big data, BigQuery, message, google cloud, k-means clustering

from:https://stackoverflow.web log/2019/07/24/making-sense-of-the-metadata-clustering-4000-stack-overflow-tags-with-bigquery-1000-ways/

johnsoncoully.blogspot.com

Source: https://www.csdn.net/tags/MtTaAg2sNjc4MDI1LWJsb2cO0O0O.html

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